Starch is a complex carbohydrate that is found in a variety of plants, including grains, potatoes, and legumes. It is a major source of energy for humans and is essential for many bodily functions.
In addition to its nutritional value, starch is also a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of food and industrial applications.
Types of Starch
There are two main types of starch: amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is a straight-chain molecule, while amylopectin is a branched-chain molecule. The ratio of amylose to amylopectin in a starch molecule determines its properties.
Amylose is less soluble and tends to form gels. It is found in high concentrations in waxy starches, such as waxy maize starch.
Amylopectin is more soluble and tends to form films. It is found in high concentrations in starchy potatoes.
Modified Starch
Modified starches are starches that have been chemically or physically treated to change their properties. This can be done to improve their functionality in food or industrial applications.